Southern routes
Global South
Summits, capacity building and development partnership, set on a map centred on the tropics and the southern hemisphere.
Summit record
Voice of Global South Summits
India convened three Voice of Global South Summits, all held virtually. The first was held early in India’s G20 Presidency.

- 1
- 2
2nd Voice of Global South Summit
Theme: “Together, For Everyone's Growth, With Everyone's Trust”. Dr. Jaishankar gave the opening remarks at Foreign Ministers' Session I.
- 3
3rd Voice of Global South Summit
Theme: “An Empowered Global South for a Sustainable Future”. The MEA records participation by 123 countries. Dr. Jaishankar opened Foreign Ministers' Session I and gave a special briefing the same day.
Development partnership
The instruments
India's development partnership works through several channels. This section describes them. It does not rank or evaluate their outcomes.
Capacity building
Training for officials from partner countries under the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) programme, which began in 1964.
Scholarships
Fellowships and places at Indian institutions for students and professionals from partner countries.
Lines of credit
Concessional financing for projects in partner countries.
Grants & projects
Grant-funded projects and humanitarian assistance.
Programme-level statistics for scholarships, lines of credit and grants appear in the Ministry's annual reports. None are reproduced here, because each figure would need its own period and definition.
ITEC in figures
Capacity building
These figures are quoted exactly as Indian missions publish them. They are cumulative since the programme began in 1964; the source gives no closing date.
Institutional milestone
The African Union in the G20
The African Union became a permanent member of the G20 on 9 September 2023, at the New Delhi Summit held under India's Presidency, on India's proposal.